Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions

Now showing items 9421-9440 of 10418

    • Susceptability of Candida albicans isolates to miconazole and ketoconazole 

      Kibugi, E.W. (Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2002)

    • Associations of human leukocyte antigen DRB with resistance or susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort 

      Lacap, PA; Huntington, JD; Luo, M; Nagelkerke, NJ; Bielawny, T; Kimani, J; Wachihi, C; Ngugi, Elizabeth N; Plummer, FA (Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Canada, 2008)
      OBJECTIVE: A group of commercial sex workers in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort, established in 1985 in Nairobi, Kenya, remain HIV-1 uninfected despite heavy exposure to HIV-1 through active sex work. Previous studies showed ...

    • Effects of Micro-Enterprise Services on HIV Risk Behaviour Among Female Sex Workers in Kenya’s Urban Slums 

      Odek, Willis O; Busza, Joanna.; Morris Chester N.; Cleland, John; Ngugi, Elizabeth N; Ferguson, Alan G. (Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Centre for Population Studies, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UKDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, CanadaConstellafutures, Nairobi, Kenya, 2009)
      This study assessed individual-level effects of adding micro-enterprise services to a peer-mediated HIV/AIDS intervention among 227 female sex workers (FSWs) in Kenya. Survey data were collected in May-July 2003 and ...

    • Female sex workers in Africa: Epidemiology overview, data gaps, ways forward 

      Ngugi, Elizabeth N; Roth, E; Mastin, Theresa; Nderitu, M.G; Yasmin, Seema (Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of WashingtonDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,De Paul University College of Communications: Health Care Public RelationsApplied Public Health, Arizona College of Medicine, 2012)
      More than three decades after the first reported case of AIDS (1983), Africa continues to experience unacceptable levels of new HIV infections. East Africa and Southern Africa remain most affected by the epidemic with 34% ...

    • HLA class I associations with rates of HIV-1 seroconversion and disease progression in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort. 

      Peterson TA.; Kimani J.; Wachihi C.; Bielawny T.; Mendoza, L; Thavaneswaran, S; Narayansingh, MJ; Kariri, T; Liang, B; Ball, TB; Ngugi, Elizabeth N; Plummer, FA; Luo, M (HIV and Human Genetics, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, 2013)
      Class I human leukocyte antigens (HLA) play an important role in the adaptive immune response by presenting antigens to CD8+ T cells. Studies have reported that several HLA class I alleles are associated with differential ...

    • Community understanding of pneumonia in Kenya 

      Irimu, Grace; Nduati, RW; Wafula, E; Lenja, J (Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2008)
      Background Effective management of pneumonia demands active participation by the caretaker to facilitate early seeking of appropriate health care and adequate compliance to home care messages. This would only be possible ...

    • Experience with vincristine-associated neurotoxicity 

      Abinya, N.A.O.; Nyabola, L.O. (Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2001)
      OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the frequency and severity of occurrence of vincristine-associated neurotoxicity. DESIGN: A retrospective case series study. SETTING: Hurlingham Oncology Clinic, Nairobi. SUBJECTS: Thirty-eight ...

    • Modified vaccinia Ankara expressing HIVA antigen stimulates HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells in ELISpot assays of HIV-1 exposed infants[star] 

      Slyker, Jennifer A; Lohman, Barbara L; Mbori-Ngacha, DA; Reilly, Marie; Wee, Edmund G T; Dong, Tao; McMichael, Andrew J; Rowland-Jones, Sarah L; Hanke, Tomas; John-Stewart, Grace (Department of Medical MicrobiologyDepartment of Paediatrics, 2005)
      Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing HIV-1 antigens (MVA.HIVA) was used in ELISpot assays to monitor HIV-1-specific T cell responses in infants. Responses to MVA.HIVA and HIV-1 peptides were examined in ...

    • Quantitative ex vivo analysis of functional virus-specific CD8 T lymphocytes in the blood and genital tract of HIV-infected women 

      Kaul, R.; Thottingal, P.; Kimani, J.; Kiama, P.; Waigwa, C. W.; Bwayo, JJ; Plummer, F. A.; Rowland-Jones, S. L. (Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, 2003-05)
      BACKGROUND: CD8 T lymphocytes are important in HIV-1 control and mediate virus-specific immunity in the blood and genital tract. The induction and monitoring of mucosal CD8 cell responses will be an important component ...

    • Pharmacological activities of Lantana trifolia on isolated guinea pig trachea and rat phrenic nerve diaphragm 

      Munenge, Rahab W.; Achola, K. J. (Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, 1996)
      A methanol extract of L. trifolia produced bronchodilation of isolated guinea pig trachea comparable to that of salbutamol. The plant extract reduced bronchoconstriction induced by histamine, 5-HT and acetylcholine on ...

    • Bronchodilating and uterine activities of ageratum conyzoides extract 

      Munenge, Rahab W.; Achola, K. J. (Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, 1998)
      Ageratum conyzoides root and aerial part extracts induced relaxation on isolated trachea. There was no significant difference between the activities of root and aerial part extracts. When Histamine (hist) and the plant ...

    • Interaction between nifedipine and digoxin in rats 

      Maitai Charles K.; Njoroge, D. K.; Munenge, Rahab W. (Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, 1995)
      Possible nifedipine-digoxin interaction was investigated in rats by comparing lethal doses of intravenously diogoxin in control and experimental rats. In the experimental rats, nifedipine was administered intraperitoneally, ...

    • Pharmacological activities of pistia stratiotes 

      Munenge, Rahab W.; Achola, K. J.; Indalo, A. A. (Departmnent of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1997)
      The pharmacologic activities of Pistia stratiotes were studied. Calcium channel blocking activity of a methanol extract of the whole plant was demonstrated using isolated segments of rabbit jejunum and confirmed via ...

    • Pharmacological Activities of Psiadia punculata 

      Munenge, Rahab W. (Departmnent of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1998)
      A 70% methanol extract of leaves of Psiadia punculata caused a fall of blood pressure in anaesthetised rats. After a 10 µg dose of the extract, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures fell by 16, 13 and 14%, respectively, ...

    • Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2, Genital Ulcers and HIV-1 Disease Progression in Postpartum Women 

      Roxby, Alison C; Drake, Alison L; John-Stewart, Grace; Brown, Elizabeth R; Matemo, Daniel; Otieno, Phelgona A; Farquhar, Carey (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2011)
      Background Co-infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) has been associated with increased HIV-1 RNA levels and immune activation, two predictors of HIV-1 progression. The impact of HSV-2 on clinical outcomes ...

    • Activity of Ageratum Conyzoides extract on isolated rat phrenic nerve diaphram and blood pressure on anaesthetised rats 

      Munenge, Rahab W.; Achola, K. J. (Departmnent of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1997)
      Crude root and aerial part extracts of A. conyzoides were found to have neuromuscular blocking activity in isolated rats phrenic nerve-diaphragm. Physostigmine failed to reverse the blockade. It was also observed that the ...

    • Barriers to Antiretroviral Initiation in HIV-1-Discordant Couples 

      Guthrie, Brandon L; Choi, Robert Y; Liu, Amy Y; Mackelprang, Romel D; Rositch, Anne F; Bosire, Rose; Manyara, Lucy; Gatuguta, Anne; Kiarie, James N; Farquhar, Carey (Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyInstitute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, 2011)
      BACKGROUND In Kenya and much of sub-Saharan Africa, nearly half of all couples affected by HIV are discordant. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) slows disease progression in HIV-1-infected individuals, and reduces transmission ...

    • Pharmacological properties of extracts from the stem bark of Syzygium guineese on the ileum and heart of lab 

      Munenge, R. W.; Malele, R. S.; Moshi, M. J.; Mwangi, J. W.; Achola, K. J. (Departmnent of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1997-02)
      A methanol extract of Syzygium guineense bark inhibited intrinsic contractions of rabbit isolated ileum. The inhibition, at bath concentrations of 0.5 - 2.0 mg/ml, was dose-related but non-linear. It produced sustained ...

    • Impact of lactation management education programme in Kenya 

      Mirie, W. (Departmnent of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 2001-03)
      In 1992, Kenyatta National Hospital Lactation Management Education Centre (KNH LME) was established in collaboration with the University of Nairobi (UoN) and the Ministry of Health (MoH). The aim of the programme was to ...

    • Nutrition and Health survey of children below five years of Garissa and Ijala Districts, North Eastern Kenya 

      Mirie, W. (Departmnent of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 2001)
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