Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 4741-4760 of 10418
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Cross-clade CD8(+) T-cell responses with a preference for the predominant circulating clade
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2005-11)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genetic diversity is a major impediment to the design of a successful vaccine. Even if an HIV vaccine is proven effective, it remains to be seen whether this protection will extend to ... -
Modulators of the efficacy and toxicity of drugs in malaria treatment.
(University of Nairobi,College of Health Sciences,, 2010-06)The burgeoning problem of drug resistance in malaria requires the urgent discovery of new drugs. Discovery of an antimalarial agent that fulfills the requirements of a mass-treatment drug is challenging. Such an antimalarial ... -
Hiv-specific T Cells: Strategies For Fighting A Moving Target.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2010)HIV vaccine development faces many hurdles, including the failure of empirical approaches, an incomplete understanding of protective immunity, and the extreme genetic diversity of HIV-1. HIV is a moving target in at least ... -
Substantial Intrapatient Differences In The Breadth And Specificity Of Hiv-specific Cd8+ T-cell Interferon-gamma And Proliferation Responses.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical MicrobiologyDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2008-10)HIV vaccine design and evaluation require a better understanding of protective immune responses. HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses have been characterized extensively using interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked ... -
Clinical research in resource-limited settings: enhancing research capacity and working together to make trials less complicated.
(University of Nairobi,College of Health Sciences,, 2010) -
Hiv Vaccine Efficacy Trials: A Brief History, And Options For Going Forward.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2010-10)HIV vaccine research has recently produced a number of efficacy results, in addition to some promising preclinical developments. Some of these have been surprising, leading to parallel calls for a better understanding of ... -
Biological Factors That May Contribute To Regional And Racial Disparities In Hiv Prevalence
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2011-03)Despite tremendous regional and subregional disparities in HIV prevalence around the world, epidemiology consistently demonstrates that black communities have been disproportionately affected by the pandemic. There are ... -
Safety and immunogenicity of the malaria vaccine candidate GMZ2 in malaria-exposed, adult individuals from Lambaréné, Gabon.
(University of Nairobi,College of Health Sciences,, 2010)Malaria is still one of the major public health threats in sub-Saharan Africa. An effective vaccine could be a sustainable control measure that can be integrated into existing health infrastructures. The malaria vaccine ... -
Is vaccine the magic bullet for malaria elimination? A reality check.
(University of Nairobi,College of Health Sciences,, 2010-12)Malaria remains a major health burden especially for the developing countries. Despite concerted efforts at using the current control tools, such as bed nets, anti malarial drugs and vector control measures, the disease ... -
Hiv-specific Cd8+ T-cell Proliferation Is Prospectively Associated With Delayed Disease Progression.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2012-03)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD8(+) T-cell proliferation is consistently correlated with enhanced host HIV immune control, but whether proliferative responses are a cause or consequence of immune protection ... -
Measurements Of Immune Responses For Establishing Correlates Of Vaccine Protection Against Hiv.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology,, 2012-07)Well-defined correlates of protective immunity are an essential component of rational vaccine development. Despite years of basic science and three HIV vaccine efficacy trials, correlates of immunological protection from ... -
Quality And Quantity: Mucosal CD4+ T Cells And Hiv Susceptibility
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2012-03)PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The HIV sexual transmission probability measured in the context of discordant couples appears too low to fuel the HIV pandemic, but these rates are substantially amplified by specific co-factors. The ... -
Hiv Postexposure Prophylaxis In An Urban Population Of Female Sex Workers In Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology,, 2013-02)OBJECTIVES: To assess biological and behavioral factors in HIV-uninfected female sex workers (FSWs) accessing postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) and to characterize the circumstances preceding PEP, time to access, and ... -
Enumeration Of Sex Workers In The Central Business District Of Nairobi, Kenya
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2013-01-25)Accurate program planning for populations most at risk for HIV/STI acquisition requires knowledge of the size and location where these populations can best be reached. To obtain this information for sex workers operating ... -
Contraceptive Needs Of Female Sex Workers In Kenya - A Cross-sectional Study.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2011-06)BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Female sex workers (FSWs) are thought to be at heightened risk for unintended pregnancy, although sexual and reproductive health interventions reaching these populations are typically focused ... -
In vitro anti-plasmodial and in vivo anti-malarial activity of some plants traditionally used for the treatment of malaria by the Meru community in Kenya
(University of NairobiSchool of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, 2007-07)Extracts of seven medicinal plant species used for treatment of malaria in traditional/cultural health systems of the Ameru people in Kenya were tested in vitro and in vivo against Plasmodium falciparum (D6 and W2 strains) ... -
Factors Associated With Self-reported Unprotected Anal Sex Among Male Sex Workers In Mombasa, Kenya
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2008)OBJECTIVES: : To identify social and behavioral characteristics associated with sexual risk behaviors among male sex workers who sell sex to men in Mombasa, Kenya. METHODS: : Using time-location sampling, 425 men ... -
A New Triterpenoid Ester from Croton megalocarpus
(University of NairobiDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nairobi, 1991) -
Are you on the market?': a capture-recapture enumeration of men who sell sex to men in and around Mombasa, Kenya.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2007)BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are highly vulnerable to HIV infection, but this population can be particularly difficult to reach in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to estimate the number of MSM who sell sex ... -
Liquid chromatographic analysis of phenobarbitone, ethosuximide, phenytoin and carbamazepine on a polystyrene-divinyl benzene column
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Sciences,University of Nairobi, 2005)A liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous assay of four anticonvulsant drugs, phenobarbitone, ethosuximide, phenytoin and carbamazepine on a polystyrene-divinyl benzene column is described. The method was developed ...
